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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">observatoria</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Обсерватория культуры</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Observatory of Culture</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-3156</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2588-0047</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian State Library</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25281/2072-3156-2022-19-4-340-349</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">observatoria-1332</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КОНТЕКСТ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CONTEXT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Детерминирующие факторы социокультурной стратегии в теориях модернизации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Determining Factors of Socio-Cultural Strategy in Modernization Theories</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7676-8054</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Деметрадзе</surname><given-names>Марине Резоевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demetradze</surname><given-names>Marine R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Институт мировых цивилизаций,профессорЛенинский проспект, д. 1/2, корп. 1, Москва, 119049, Россия</p><p>Российский научно-исследовательский институт культурного и природного наследия им. Д.С. Лихачева,главный научный сотрудникКосмонавтов ул., д. 2, Москва, 129366, Россия</p><p>доктор политических наук</p><p>ORCID 0000-0002-7676-8054; SPIN 5175-1432</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Institute of World Civilizations,1/2, Buliding 1, Leninsky Av., Moscow, 119049, Russia</p><p>Likhachev Russian Research Institute for Cultural and Natural Heritage,2, Kosmonavtov Str., Moscow, 129366, Russia</p><p>ORCID 0000-0002-7676-8054; SPIN 5175-1432</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">demetradze1959@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт мировых цивилизаций;Российский научно-исследовательский институт культурного и природного наследия им. Д.С. Лихачева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of World Civilizations;Likhachev Russian Research Institute for Cultural and Natural Heritage</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>340</fpage><lpage>349</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Деметрадзе М.Р., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Деметрадзе М.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Demetradze M.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru"><license-p>© 2026 ФГБУ "Российская государственная библиотека". Все права защищены. Воспроизведение без письменного разрешения запрещено.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en"><license-p>© 2026 Russian State Library. All rights reserved. Reproduction without written permission is prohibited.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://observatoria.rsl.ru/jour/article/view/1332">https://observatoria.rsl.ru/jour/article/view/1332</self-uri><abstract><p>Теме модернизации посвящено множество работ отечественных и зарубежных исследователей, но интерес к данному феномену вовсе не исчерпан. По мере усложнения современных глобализационных процессов она бросает вызовы, требующие новых подходов и разработок. Настоящая работа является попыткой переосмысления существующих концепций с целью доказать предпочтительность развертывания исследований в социокультурном направлении, обеспечивающем первенство человеческого фактора, социального партнерства и социального равенства на международной арене. Без них модернизация теряет социокультурный ракурс и содержание. Разумеется, эта новая идея требует создания самой социокультурной модели модернизации и соответствующей методологии. Однако мы вынуждены сужать постулат тематики, так как обоснование необходимости предпосылок такой модели ставит вопрос о том, почему и с какой целью это требуется, какие препятствующие факторы накопились в существующих теориях и процессах модернизации. Поэтому на передний план выдвигаются следующие задачи: выделение положительных сторон трех этапов теории модернизации, смена парадигм исследовательских подходов, создание принципов междисциплинарности американской школой социологов, определение роли науки в институционализации этих процессов. Политические мотивы создания теории модернизации, приводящие к повышению статуса сильных государств над слабыми, к дисбалансу развития разных социумов, подчинению слабых сильными мира сего, выделены как детерминирующие факторы социокультурной стратегии модернизации. Новизной статьи можно считать идею о том, что истоки данного феномена следует находить в событиях научной революции стран Запада XVI—XVII вв., в отличие от мнения многих ученых, привязывающих резкий скачок усовершенствования и прогресс человечества к промышленной революции и Великой французской революции. Ведь движущими силами модернизации являются интеллектуальный капитал и средний класс, без которых развитие не происходит. Приведены примеры применения научных открытий на практике, испытания их деструктивных и позитивных сторон социумами стран Запада в эпоху бурных перемен, давшими образцы всему человечеству. В заключение статьи дано определение социокультурной модели модернизации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>There are numerous works of both Russian and foreign authors concerning the issue of modernization, yet interest toward it is far from exhausted. While complexity of globalization processes grows, modernization constantly presents us with new challenges, thus demanding new approaches in research. This article represents our attempt to rethink existing concepts in order to prove the preference of deploying research in a socio-cultural direction, which may ensure priority of the human factor, social partnership and social equality in the global arena, as, without these, modernization also loses its socio-cultural perspective and content. Most certainly, this new idea requires a sociocultural model of modernization to be created, as well as a corresponding methodology. However, we are forced to narrow the postulate of the topic, as the justification of the need for such a model raises certain questions, namely: why exactly it is needed, and what factors hindering its development are present in existing modernization theories. Therefore, the following tasks have been prioritized: highlighting the positive aspects of the three stages of modernization theory, changing the paradigms of research approaches, creating the principles of interdisciplinarity by the American school of social scientists, determining the role of science in the institutionalization of these processes. The article highlights as determining factors of the socio-cultural modernization strategy the political motives for creating the modernization theory, leading to an increase in the status of strong states over weak ones, to an imbalance in the development of different societies, subordination of the weak to the powerful. Unlike many researchers who associate the leap in human progress with the Industrial Revolution and the Great French Revolution, the author believes that the true origins of the phenomenon should be found in the Scientific Revolution of the Western countries of the 16th—17th centuries. After all, the basis and driving force of modernization consist of intellectual capital and the middle class. The article also provides examples of practical application of scientific discoveries, its destructive and positive influence on Western societies in the era of rapid changes, giving examples to all humanity. In conclusion, the article defines the socio-cultural model of modernization.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>модернизация</kwd><kwd>западная модель</kwd><kwd>юго-восточная модель</kwd><kwd>классические теории модернизации</kwd><kwd>мир-системы</kwd><kwd>социокультурная модель</kwd><kwd>информационная эра</kwd><kwd>культура социальной коммуникации</kwd><kwd>культурные политики</kwd><kwd>культурные практики</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>modernization</kwd><kwd>Western model</kwd><kwd>South-Eastern model</kwd><kwd>classical modernization theories</kwd><kwd>world-systems</kwd><kwd>socio-cultural model</kwd><kwd>information era</kwd><kwd>social communication culture</kwd><kwd>cultural policies</kwd><kwd>cultural practices</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huntington S. 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