<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">observatoria</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Обсерватория культуры</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Observatory of Culture</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-3156</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2588-0047</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian State Library</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25281/2072-3156-2022-19-4-360-371</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">observatoria-1439</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КУЛЬТУРНАЯ РЕАЛЬНОСТЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CULTURAL REALITY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Культурная политика в условиях COVID-19: зарубежный и российский опыт</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cultural Policy in the Conditions of COVID-19 Threats: Russian and Foreign Experience</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4722-1938</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морозова</surname><given-names>Дарья Леонидовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Morozova</surname><given-names>Daria L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Министерство культуры Российской Федерации,Департамент государственной поддержки искусства и народного творчества,отдел государственных проектов и программ,заместитель начальникаМалый Гнездниковский пер., д. 7/6, стр. 1, 2, Москва, ГСП-3, 125993, Россия</p><p>Государственный институт искусствознания,сектор экономики искусства,младший научный сотрудникКозицкий пер., д. 5, Москва, 125009, Россия</p><p>ORCID: 0000-0003-4722-1938</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation,7/6, Building 1, 2, Maly Gnezdnikovsky Lane, GSP-3, Moscow, 125993, Russia</p><p>State Institute for Art Studies,5, Kozitsky Lane, Moscow, 125009, Russia</p><p>ORCID: 0000-0003-4722-1938</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dariamorozova87@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Министерство культуры Российской Федерации;Государственный институт искусствознания</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation;State Institute for Art Studies</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>360</fpage><lpage>371</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Морозова Д.Л., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Морозова Д.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Morozova D.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru"><license-p>© 2026 ФГБУ "Российская государственная библиотека". Все права защищены. Воспроизведение без письменного разрешения запрещено.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en"><license-p>© 2026 Russian State Library. All rights reserved. Reproduction without written permission is prohibited.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://observatoria.rsl.ru/jour/article/view/1439">https://observatoria.rsl.ru/jour/article/view/1439</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматриваются специальные меры поддержки культуры в период пандемии COVID-19 2020—2021 годов. Представлена классификация экономических мер поддержки отрасли в это время, проанализированы мероприятия в России и четырех европейских странах (Франции, Великобритании, Италии и Германии). Охарактеризована действенность и практическая реализация широкого спектра финансовых механизмов, стимулирующих восстановление и сохранение устойчивости отрасли, в том числе безвозвратные субсидии, кредиты и займы, страховое покрытие под отмененные и перенесенные культурные мероприятия, компенсации выпадающих доходов в связи со снижением продажи билетов, программы сохранения рабочих мест. Представлены результаты сравнительного анализа антикризисных расходов центральных правительств (на республиканском или федеральном уровне) пяти стран на поддержку культуры в условиях кризиса. Особое внимание уделено государственным мерам поддержки работников культуры, включая самозанятых. В заключение представлены рекомендации относительно дальнейших направлений экономической политики в сфере культуры с учетом анализа актуальной зарубежной литературы и последних отчетов европейских правительств с высоким уровнем государственной поддержки отрасли.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The goal of this article is to analyze emergency economic measures to support culture during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis (2020—2021). The article presents a classification of economic measures to support the industry during that period, analyzes the actions taken in Russia and four European countries (France, Great Britain, Italy and Germany). There are described the effectiveness and practical implementation of a wide range of financial mechanisms that stimulate the restoration and preservation of the industry’s sustainability, including non-refundable subsidies, credits and loans, insurance coverage for canceled and postponed cultural events, compensations for lost income due to reduced ticket sales, job retention programs. The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the anti-crisis expenditures incurred by the five countries’ central governments (at the republican or federal level) to support culture in the crisis. The author pays special attention to state measures to support cultural workers, including those self-employed. In conclusion, the article presents recommendations on further directions of economic policy in the field of culture, taking into account the analysis of relevant foreign literature and the latest reports of European governments with a high level of state support for the industry.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>управление в сфере культуры</kwd><kwd>экономика культуры</kwd><kwd>культурная политика</kwd><kwd>культурные практики</kwd><kwd>бюджетные расходы</kwd><kwd>антикризисные меры</kwd><kwd>антикризисное управление</kwd><kwd>креативные индустрии</kwd><kwd>занятость в сфере культуры</kwd><kwd>Евросоюз</kwd><kwd>государственная поддержка культуры</kwd><kwd>субсидии</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cultural management</kwd><kwd>cultural economics</kwd><kwd>cultural policy</kwd><kwd>cultural practices</kwd><kwd>budget expenditures</kwd><kwd>anti-crisis measures</kwd><kwd>crisis management</kwd><kwd>creative industries</kwd><kwd>employment of cultural workers</kwd><kwd>European Union</kwd><kwd>state support for culture</kwd><kwd>subsidies</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Banks M., O’Connor J. A Plague Upon Your Howling: Art and Culture in The Viral Emergency // Cultural Trends. 2021. Vol. 30, № 1. P. 3—18. DOI: 10.1080/09548963.2020.1827931.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Banks M., O’Connor J. A Plague upon Your Howling: Art and Culture in the Viral Emergency, Cultural Trends, 2021, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 3—18. DOI: 10.1080/09548963.2020.1827931.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gupta S., Gupta A.-Y. “Resilience” as a Policy Keyword: Arts Council England and Austerity // Policy Studies. 2022. Vol. 43, № 2. P. 279—295. DOI: 10.1080/01442872.2019.1645325.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gupta S., Gupta A.-Y. “Resilience” as a Policy Keyword: Arts Council England and Austerity, Policy Studies, 2022, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 279—295. DOI: 10.1080/01442872.2019.1645325.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Betzler D., Loots E., Prokůpek M., et al. COVID-19 and the Arts and Cultural Sectors: Investigating Countries Contextual Factors and Early Policy Measures // International Journal of Cultural Policy. 2021, Vol. 27, № 6. P. 796—814. DOI: 10.1080/10286632.2020.1842383.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Betzler D., Loots E., Prokůpek M., et al. COVID-19 and the Arts and Cultural Sectors: Investigating Countries Contextual Factors and Early Policy Measures, International Journal of Cultural Policy, 2021, vol. 27, no. 6, pp. 796—814. DOI: 10.1080/10286632.2020.1842383.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dodds A. Comparative Public Policy. 2nd ed. Houndmills : Palgrave Macmillan, 2018. 350 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dodds A. Comparative Public Policy. 2nd ed. Houndmills, Palgrave Macmillan Publ., 2018, 350 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rius-Ulldemolins J., Pizzi A., Arostegui J.A.R. European Models of Cultural Policy: Towards European Convergence on Public Spending and Cultural Participation? // Journal of European Integration. 2019. Vol. 41, № 8. P. 1045—1067. DOI: 10.1080/07036337.2019.1645844.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rius-Ulldemolins J., Pizzi A., Arostegui J.A.R. European Models of Cultural Policy: Towards European Convergence on Public Spending and Cultural Participation? Journal of European Integration, 2019, vol. 41, no. 8, pp. 1045—1067. DOI: 10.1080/07036337.2019.1645844.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Le projet de loi de finances 2022 pour la culture // Ministère de la Culture: [сайт]. URL: https://www.culture.gouv.fr/Actualites/Le-projet-de-loi-de-finances-2022-pour-la-culture (дата обращения: 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Le projet de loi de finances 2022 pour la culture, Ministère de la Culture. Available at: https://www.culture.gouv.fr/Actualites/Le-projet-de-loi-de-finances-2022-pour-la-culture (accessed 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Culture, Le plan de relance dans les territoires. Paris, 2021. 66 p. // Ministère de la Culture: [сайт]. URL: https://www.culture.gouv.fr/content/download/296183/pdf_file/DP-PlanRelance-sept-2021.pdf?inLanguage=fre-FR#:~:text=Page%201-,Le%20plan%20de%20relance%2C%20avec%202%20Mds%E2%82%AC%20pour%20la,nos%20grandes%20fili%C3%A8res%20%C3%A9conomiques%20culturelles (дата обращения: 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Culture, Le plan de relance dans les territoires. Paris, 2021, 66 p., Ministère de la Culture. Available at: https://www.culture.gouv.fr/content/download/296183/pdf_file/DP-PlanRelance-sept-2021.pdf?inLanguage=fre-FR#:~:text=Page%201-,Le%20plan%20de%20relance%2C%20avec%202%20Mds%E2%82%AC%20pour%20la,nos%20grandes%20fili%C3%A8res%20%C3%A9conomiques%20culturelles (accessed 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Investigation into the Culture Recovery Fund / Department for Digital, Culture, Media &amp; Sport: Report by the Comptroller and Auditor General. 2021. 41 p. // National Audit Office: [сайт]. URL: https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Investigation-into-the-Culture-Recovery-Fund.pdf (дата обращения: 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Investigation into the Culture Recovery Fund / Department for Digital, Culture, Media &amp; Sport: Report by the Comptroller and Auditor General, 2021, 41 p., National Audit Office. Available at: https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Investigation-into-the-Culture-Recovery-Fund.pdf (accessed 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Policy paper: Budget 2021 // GOV.UK [сайт]. URL: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/budget-2021-documents/budget-2021-html#budget-for-the-whole-united-kingdom (дата обращения: 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Policy Paper: Budget 2021, GOV.UK. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/budget-2021-documents/budget-2021-html#budget-for-the-whole-united-kingdom (accessed 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Live Events Reinsurance Scheme : Guidance // GOV.UK: [сайт]. URL: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/live-events-reinsurance-scheme (дата обращения: 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Live Events Reinsurance Scheme: Guidance, GOV.UK. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/live-events-reinsurance-scheme (accessed 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Snow G. Government Announces £750m Covid Insurance Cover for Live Events Sector // The Stage. 2021. Aug. 5. URL: https://www.thestage.co.uk/news/government-announces-750m-covid-insurance-cover-for-live-events-sector (дата обращения: 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Snow G. Government Announces £750m Covid Insurance Cover for Live Events Sector, The Stage, 2021, Aug. 5. Available at: https://www.thestage.co.uk/news/government-announces-750m-covid-insurance-cover-for-live-events-sector (accessed 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">59 millions d’euros pour un pass culture généralisé et plus enclin à toucher les jeunes déscolarisés // Le Figaro. 18/11/2020. URL: https://www.lefigaro.fr/culture/59-millions-d-euros-pour-un-pass-culture-generalise-et-plus-enclin-a-toucher-les-jeunes-descolarises-20201118 (дата обращения: 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">59 millions d’euros pour un pass culture généralisé et plus enclin à toucher les jeunes déscolarisés, Le Figaro, 18/11/2020. Available at: https://www.lefigaro.fr/culture/59-millions-d-euros-pour-un-pass-culture-generalise-et-plus-enclin-a-toucher-les-jeunes-descolarises-20201118 (accessed 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Spain Announces €400 Culture Voucher “Birthday Gift” for Teenagers Turning 18 // Spain in English : [сайт]. URL: https://www.spainenglish.com/2021/10/10/spain-announces-culture-voucher-birthday-gift-for-teenagers-turning-18/ (дата обращения: 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Spain Announces €400 Culture Voucher “Birthday Gift” for Teenagers Turning 18, Spain in English. Available at: https://www.spainenglish.com/2021/10/10/spain-announces-culture-voucher-birthday-gift-for-teenagers-turning-18/ (accessed 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Постановление Правительства Российской Федерации от 08.05.2020 № 1231-р // Собрание законодательства Российской Федерации. 2020. № 20. Ст. 3201.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of 08.05.2020 No 1231-r, Sobranie zakonodatel’stva Rossiiskoi Federatsii [Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation], 2020, no. 20, art. 3201 (in Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Постановление Правительства Российской Федерации от 15.11.2021 № 3183-р // Собрание законодательства Российской Федерации. 2021. № 47. Ст. 7898.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of 15.11.2021 No 3183-r, Sobranie zakonodatel’stva Rossiiskoi Federatsii [Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation], 2021, no. 47, art. 7898 (in Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ежегодная информация об исполнении консолидированного бюджета Российской Федерации // Минфин России : [сайт]. URL: https://minfin.gov.ru/ru/statistics/conbud/execute/?id_65=93449-yezhegodna-ya_informatsiya_ob_ispolnenii_konsolidirovannogo_byudzheta_rossiiskoi_federatsiidannye_s_1_yanvarya_2006_g (дата обращения: 30.07.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Annual Information on the Execution of the Consolidated Budget of the Russian Federation, Minfin Rossii [Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation]. Available at: https://minfin.gov.ru/ru/statistics/conbud/execute/?id_65=93449-yezhegodna-ya_informatsiya_ob_ispolnenii_konsolidirovannogo_byudzheta_rossiiskoi_federatsiidannye_s_1_yanvarya_2006_g (accessed 30.07.2022) (in Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Culture, plan de relance dans les territoires — septembre 2021 // Ministère de la Culture : [сайт]. URL: https://www.culture.gouv.fr/Presse/Dossiers-de-presse/Culture-plan-de-relance-dans-les-territoires-septembre-2021 (дата обращения: 30.07.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Culture, plan de relance dans les territoires — septembre 2021, Ministère de la Culture. Available at: https://www.culture.gouv.fr/Presse/Dossiers-de-presse/Culture-plan-de-relance-dans-les-territoires-septembre-2021 (accessed 30.07.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Le projet de loi de finances 2022 pour la culture 2021 // Ministère de la Culture : [сайт]. URL: https://www.culture.gouv.fr/Actualites/Le-projet-de-loi-de-finances-2022-pour-la-culture (дата обращения: 30.07.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Le projet de loi de finances 2022 pour la culture 2021, Ministère de la Culture. Available at: https://www.culture.gouv.fr/Actualites/Le-projet-de-loi-de-finances-2022-pour-la-culture (accessed 30.07.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chiffres clés, statistiques de la culture et de la communication // Ministère de la Culture : [сайт]. URL: https://www.culture.gouv.fr/Thematiques/Etudes-et-statistiques/Publications/Collections-d-ouvrages/Chiffres-cles-statistiques-de-la-culture-et-de-la-communication-2012-2021 (дата обращения: 30.07.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chiffres clés, statistiques de la culture et de la communication, Ministère de la Culture. Available at: https://www.culture.gouv.fr/Thematiques/Etudes-et-statistiques/Publications/Collections-d-ouvrages/Chiffres-cles-statistiques-de-la-culture-et-de-la-communication-2012-2021 (accessed 30.07.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Le projet de loi de finances 2022 pour la culture // Ministère de la Culture : [сайт]. URL: https://www.culture.gouv.fr/Actualites/Le-projet-de-loi-de-finances-2022-pour-la-culture (дата обращения: 30.07.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Le projet de loi de finances 2022 pour la culture, Ministère de la Culture. Available at: https://www.culture.gouv.fr/Actualites/Le-projet-de-loi-de-finances-2022-pour-la-culture (accessed 30.07.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Clark D. Government Spending on Cultural Services in the UK 2009—2021 // Statista. URL: https://www.statista.com/statistics/298899/united-kingdom-uk-public-sector-expenditure-cultural-services/ (дата обращения: 30.07.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Clark D. Government Spending on Cultural Services in the UK 2009—2021, Statista. Available at: https://www.statista.com/statistics/298899/united-kingdom-uk-public-sector-expenditure-cultural-services/ (accessed 30.07.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Departmental Overview 2019 : [Department for Digital, Culture, Media &amp; Sport]. 18 p. // The National Audit Office (NAO). URL: https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Departmental-Overview-Digital-Culture-Media-Sport-2019.pdf (дата обращения: 30.07.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Departmental Overview 2019: Department for Digital, Culture, Media &amp; Sport, 18 p., The National Audit Office (NAO). Available at: https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Departmental-Overview-Digital-Culture-Media-Sport-2019.pdf (accessed 30.07.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Covid-19 misure per la cultura e il turismo // Ministero della cultura : [сайт]. URL: https://www.culture.gouv.fr/Media/Medias-creation-rapide/Mesures-d-aides-aux-intermittents-du-spectacle.pdf2 (дата обращения: 20.01.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Covid-19 misure per la cultura e il turismo, Ministero della cultura. Available at: https://www.culture.gouv.fr/Media/Medias-creation-rapide/Mesures-d-aides-aux-intermittents-du-spectacle.pdf2 (accessed 20.01.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Impresa cultura. Politiche, reti, competenze : 15° Rapporto Annuale Federculture 2019. 7 p. // Federculture : [сайт]. URL: http://www.federculture.it/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Focus-dieci-anni.pdf (дата обращения: 30.07.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Impresa cultura. Politiche, reti, competenze: 15° Rapporto Annuale Federculture 2019, 7 p., Federculture. Available at: http://www.federculture.it/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Focus-dieci-anni.pdf (accessed 30.07.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kulturfinanzbericht 2020 / Statistische Ämter des Bundes und der Länder. Wiesbaden : Statistisches Bundesamt, 2020. 112 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kulturfinanzbericht 2020, Statistische Ämter des Bundes und der Länder. Wiesbaden, Statistisches Bundesamt Publ., 2020, 112 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Unemployment rates by sex, age and citizenship (%) // Eurostat. Data Browser : [сайт]. 05.07.2022. URL: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/LFSQ_URGAN/default/table?lang=en&amp;category=labour.employ.lfsq.lfsq_unemp (дата обращения: 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Unemployment Rates by Sex, Age and Citizenship (%), Eurostat. Data Browser, 05/07/2022. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/LFSQ_URGAN/default/table?lang=en&amp;category=labour.employ.lfsq.lfsq_unemp (accessed 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cultural employment by sex and selected labor market characteristics // Eurostat. Data Browser : [сайт]. 12/07/2022. URL: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/CULT_EMP_WSTA/default/table?lang=en&amp;category=cult.cult_emp (дата обращения: 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cultural Employment by Sex and Selected Labor Market Characteristics, Eurostat. Data Browser, 12/07/2022. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/CULT_EMP_WSTA/default/table?lang=en&amp;category=cult.cult_emp (accessed 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Montalto V., Sacco P.L., Alberti V. et al. European Cultural and Creative Cities in Covid-19 Times // JRC Publications Repository. 2020. RC120876. DOI: 10.2760/624051.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Montalto V., Sacco P.L., Alberti V., et al. European Cultural and Creative Cities in Covid-19 Times, JRC Publications Repository, 2020. RC120876. DOI: 10.2760/624051.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Comunian R., England L. Creative and Cultural Work Without Filters: Covid-19 And Exposed Precarity in The Creative Economy // Cultural Trends. 2020. Vol. 29, № 2. P. 112—128. DOI: 10.1080/09548963.2020.1770577.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Comunian R., England L. Creative and Cultural Work without Filters: Covid-19 and Exposed Precarity in the Creative Economy, Cultural Trends, 2020, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 112—128. DOI: 10.1080/09548963.2020.1770577.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Propris L. How Are Creative Industries Weathering the Crisis? // Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society. 2013. Vol. 6, № 1. P. 23—35. DOI: 10.1093/cjres/rss025.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">De Propris L. How Are Creative Industries Weathering the Crisis? Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 2013, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 23—35. DOI: 10.1093/cjres/rss025.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kurzarbeitergeld — Anzeige, Antrag und Berechnung // Bundesagentur für Arbeit : [сайт]. URL: https://www.arbeitsagentur.de/unternehmen/finanziell/kurzarbeitergeld-anzeige-antrag-berechnung (дата обращения: 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kurzarbeitergeld — Anzeige, Antrag und Berechnung, Bundesagentur für Arbeit. Available at: https://www.arbeitsagentur.de/unternehmen/finanziell/kurzarbeitergeld-anzeige-antrag-berechnung (accessed 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">COVID-19 and the World of Work. Country Policy Responses // International Labor Organization : [сайт]. URL: https://www.ilo.org/global/topics/coronavirus/regional-country/country-responses/lang--en/index.htm#FR (дата обращения: 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">COVID-19 and the World of Work. Country Policy Responses, International Labor Organization. Available at: https://www.ilo.org/global/topics/coronavirus/regional-country/country-responses/lang--en/index.htm#FR (accessed 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">COVID19 — renforcement des mesures de soutien aux entreprises. Renforcement du Fonds De Solidarité // Le ministère de l’Économie, des Finances et de la Souveraineté industrielle et numérique : [сайт]. URL: https://www.entreprises.gouv.fr/fr/covid-19/covid19-renforcement-des-mesures-de-soutien-aux-entreprises (дата обращения: 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">COVID19 — renforcement des mesures de soutien aux entreprises. Renforcement du Fonds De Solidarité, Le ministère de l’Économie, des Finances et de la Souveraineté industrielle et numérique. Available at: https://www.entreprises.gouv.fr/fr/covid-19/covid19-renforcement-des-mesures-de-soutien-aux-entreprises (accessed 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mesures d’aide pour les artistes et techniciens du spectacle // Ministère de la Culture : [сайт]. URL: https://www.culture.gouv.fr/Media/Medias-creation-rapide/Mesures-d-aides-aux-intermittents-du-spectacle.pdf2 (дата обращения: 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mesures d’aide pour les artistes et techniciens du spectacle, Ministère de la Culture. Available at: https://www.culture.gouv.fr/Media/Medias-creation-rapide/Mesures-d-aides-aux-intermittents-du-spectacle.pdf2 (accessed 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">L’emploi intermittent dans le spectacle au cours de l’année 2019 : Statistiques, Études et Évaluations. 2020. Septembre. № 20026. 16 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">L’emploi intermittent dans le spectacle au cours de l’année 2019: Statistiques, Études et évaluations. 2020, septembre, no. 20026, 16 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Une allocation en cas de perte d’emploi // UNEDIC : l’emploi dans l’industrie et le commerce. URL: https://www.unedic.org/a-propos/quest-ce-que-lassurance-chomage (дата обращения: 20.01.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Une allocation en cas de perte d’emploi, UNEDIC: l’emploi dans l’industrie et le commerce. Available at: https://www.unedic.org/a-propos/quest-ce-que-lassurance-chomage (accessed 20.01.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Décret n° 2020-757 du 20 juin 2020 modifiant le décret n° 2020-371 du 30 mars 2020 relatif au fonds de solidarité à destination des entreprises particulièrement touchées par les conséquences économiques, financières et sociales de la propagation de l’épidémie de covid-19 et des mesures prises pour limiter cette propagation // Légifrance — Le service public de la diffusion du droit : [сайт]. URL: https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/eli/decret/2020/6/20/2020-757/jo/texte (дата обращения: 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Décret n° 2020-757 du 20 juin 2020 modifiant le décret n° 2020-371 du 30 mars 2020 relatif au fonds de solidarité à destination des entreprises particulièrement touchées par les conséquences économiques, financières et sociales de la propagation de l’épidémie de covid-19 et des mesures prises pour limiter cette propagation, Légifrance — Le service public de la diffusion du droit. Available at: https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/eli/decret/2020/6/20/2020-757/jo/texte (accessed 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adaptation des critères d’accessibilité au fonds de solidarité pour les artistes-auteurs // Sénat : [сайт]. URL: http://www.senat.fr/questions/base/2020/qSEQ200415098.html (дата обращения: 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adaptation des critères d’accessibilité au fonds de solidarité pour les artistes-auteurs, Sénat. Available at: http://www.senat.fr/questions/base/2020/qSEQ200415098.html (accessed 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Franceschini: “130 mln euro per cinema, audiovisivo, spettacolo dal vivo” // Coordinamento Nazionale delle Film Commission Italiane - Italian Film Commissions : [сайт]. URL: https://www.italianfilmcommissions.it/news/franceschini-130-mln-euro-per-cinema-audiovisivo-spettacolo-dal-vivo (дата обращения: 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Franceschini: “130 mln euro per cinema, audiovisivo, spettacolo dal vivo”, Coordinamento Nazionale delle Film Commission Italiane - Italian Film Commissions. Available at: https://www.italianfilmcommissions.it/news/franceschini-130-mln-euro-per-cinema-audiovisivo-spettacolo-dal-vivo (accessed 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Постановление Правительства Российской Федерации от 03.04.2020 № 434 «Об утверждении перечня отраслей российской экономики, в наибольшей степени пострадавших в условиях ухудшения ситуации в результате распространения новой коронавирусной инфекции» // Собрание законодательства Российской Федерации. 2020. № 15, ч. I—IV. Ст. 2288.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of 03.04.2020 No 434 “On Approval of the List of Russian Economic Sectors Most Affected by the Deterioration of the Situation Caused by the Spread of the New Coronavirus Infection”, Sobranie zakonodatel’stva Rossiiskoi Federatsii [Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation], 2020, no. 15, part I—IV, art. 2288 (in Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Более 270 культурных учреждений Москвы получили допподдержку в 2021 году // Известия. 2021. 29 декабря. URL: https://iz.ru/1271326/2021-12-29/bolee-270-kulturnykh-uchrezhdenii-moskvy-poluchili-doppodderzhku-v-2021-godu (дата обращения: 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">More Than 270 Cultural Institutions in Moscow Received Additional Support in 2021, Izvestiya [The News], 2021, December 29. Available at: https://iz.ru/1271326/2021-12-29/bolee-270-kulturnykh-uchrezhdenii-moskvy-poluchili-doppodderzhku-v-2021-godu (accessed 25.07.2022) (in Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Влияние пандемии COVID-19 на креативные сектора экономики. Оценка воздействия и международный опыт поддержки. 12 с. // Министерство экономического развития Российской Федерации : [сайт]. URL: https://www.economy.gov.ru/material/file/9c05ace1aae8261ef8b73017ed1817a4/obzor_praktik.pdf (дата обращения: 25.07.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Creative Sectors of Economy. Impact Assessment and International Support Experience, 12 p., Ministerstvo ekonomicheskogo razvitiya Rossiiskoi Federatsii [Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation]. Available at: https://www.economy.gov.ru/material/file/9c05ace1aae8261ef8b73017ed1817a4/obzor_praktik.pdf (accessed 25.07.2022) (in Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Поддержка бизнеса в период распространения коронавируса: что сделано // Государственная дума Федерального собрания Российской Федерации : [сайт]. URL: http://duma.gov.ru/news/48315/ (дата обращения: 30.07.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Business Support during the Spread of Coronavirus: What’s Done, Gosudarstvennaya duma Federal’nogo sobraniya Rossiiskoi Federatsii [State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation]. Available at: http://duma.gov.ru/news/48315/ (accessed 30.07.2022) (in Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Реестр социально ориентированных некоммерческих организаций, сформированный в соответствии с Постановлением Правительства Российской Федерации от 30 июля 2021 г. № 1290. [Электронный ресурс]. URL: https://data.economy.gov.ru/analytics/sonko/all (дата обращения: 30.07.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Reestr sotsial’no orientirovannykh nekommercheskikh organizatsii, sformirovannyi v sootvetstvii s Postanovleniem Pravitel’stva Rossiiskoi Federatsii ot 30 iyulya 2021 g. No 1290 [The Register of Socially Oriented Non-Profit Organizations, Formed in Accordance with Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 30, 2021, No 1290]. Available at: https://data.economy.gov.ru/analytics/sonko/all (accessed 30.07.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Реестр НКО, в наибольшей степени пострадавших в условиях ухудшения ситуации в результате распространения новой коронавирусной инфекции // Министерство экономического развития Российской Федерации : [сайт]. URL: https://economy.gov.ru/material/dokumenty/reestr_nko.html (дата обращения: 04.04.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The Register of Non-Profit Organizations Most Affected by the Deterioration of the Situation Caused by the Spread of the New Coronavirus Infection, Ministerstvo ekonomicheskogo razvitiya Rossiiskoi Federatsii [Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation]. Available at: https://economy.gov.ru/material/dokumenty/reestr_nko.html (accessed 04.04.2022) (in Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Постановление Правительства Российской Федерации от 07.09.2021 № 1513 «Об утверждении Правил предоставления в 2021 году из федерального бюджета субсидий субъектам малого и среднего предпринимательства и социально ориентированным некоммерческим организациям, ведущим деятельность в муниципальных образованиях, в наибольшей степени пострадавших в условиях ухудшения ситуации в результате распространения новой коронавирусной инфекции» // Собрание законодательства Российской Федерации. 2021. № 38. Ст. 6624.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of 07.09.2021 No 1513 “On Approval of the Rules for Granting Subsidies from the Federal Budget in 2021 to Small and Medium-Sized Businesses and Socially Oriented Non-Profit Organizations Operating in Municipalities Most Affected by the Deterioration of the Situation Caused by the Spread of the New Coronavirus Infection”, Sobranie zakonodatel’stva Rossiiskoi Federatsii [Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation], 2021, no. 38, art. 6624 (in Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Распоряжение Правительства Российской Федерации от 31.07.2021 № 2127-р // Собрание законодательства Российской Федерации. 2021. № 32. Ст. 6064.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Order of the Government of the Russian Federation of 31.07.2021 No 2127-r, Sobranie zakonodatel’stva Rossiiskoi Federatsii [Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation], 2021, no. 32, art. 6064 (in Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
