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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">observatoria</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Обсерватория культуры</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Observatory of Culture</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-3156</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2588-0047</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian State Library</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25281/2072-3156-2016-13-4-451-457</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">observatoria-428</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАСЛЕДИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HERITAGE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Иконография и композиция портретов императора Максимилиана I Габсбурга: значение и эволюция</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Iconography and Composition of the Portraits of Emperor Maximilian I of Habsburg: the Meaning and Evolution</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фролова</surname><given-names>Людмила Валерьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frolova</surname><given-names>Ludmila V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">mila_grafik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственный Эрмитаж</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Hermitage Museum</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>08</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>451</fpage><lpage>457</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Фролова Л.В., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фролова Л.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Frolova L.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru"><license-p>© 2026 ФГБУ "Российская государственная библиотека". Все права защищены. Воспроизведение без письменного разрешения запрещено.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en"><license-p>© 2026 Russian State Library. All rights reserved. Reproduction without written permission is prohibited.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://observatoria.rsl.ru/jour/article/view/428">https://observatoria.rsl.ru/jour/article/view/428</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье впервые рассмотрены особенности иконографии и композиции портретов императора Максимилиана I Габсбурга, обусловленные их назначением. В портретах для официальных учреждений сформирован образ правителя, наделенного легитимной властью. Гравированные портреты и изображения на монетах, предназначенные для широкой публики, прославляют отважного рыцаря и организатора Крестового похода. В изображениях Максимилиана I как частного лица особенно важна тема сохранения памяти после смерти. Выявлены особенности эволюции образа императора. Вне зависимости от техники, символики, композиции и назначения портретов в ранних из них император предстает более «земным», близким. Образ императора исполнен уверенности в себе, ощущения собственной силы и власти. В поздних портретах появляются нотки мистического настроения, образ становится более возвышенным, отстраненным, отдаленным от реальности. В этом видится, с одной стороны, усиление представлений о сакральности власти императора, с другой - осмысление портрета как увековечивание памяти о человеке, чтобы обеспечить ему вечную жизнь.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article reveals some iconography and composition features, caused by their purpose, of the portraits of Emperor Maximilian I. The official portraits emphasize the idea of legitimacy of Maximilian. Some of them underline the right of Maximilian I to govern in Burgundy. The engraved portraits and portraits on coins, which could be seen by a lot of people, deal with the idea of crusade and form the image of valorous knight. The portraits painted for private goals strive to commemorate the person himself first of all. The early works demonstrate a rich, powerful, strong and self-confident figure. Among the typical characteristics of the later portraits, there are the increased distance between the picture and spectator, and the portrait’s special sacral sense.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Максимилиан I</kwd><kwd>портрет</kwd><kwd>официальное искусство</kwd><kwd>монеты</kwd><kwd>А. Дюрер</kwd><kwd>Г. Бургкмайр</kwd><kwd>Б. Штригель</kwd><kwd>А. де Предис</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Maximilian I</kwd><kwd>portrait</kwd><kwd>official art</kwd><kwd>coins</kwd><kwd>A. Dürer</kwd><kwd>H. Burgkmair</kwd><kwd>B. 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