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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">observatoria</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Обсерватория культуры</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Observatory of Culture</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-3156</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2588-0047</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian State Library</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25281/2072-3156-2017-14-5-558-568</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">observatoria-542</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>В ПРОСТРАНСТВЕ ИСКУССТВА И КУЛЬТУРНОЙ ЖИЗНИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>IN SPACE OF ART AND CULTURAL LIFE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Третьяковская галерея:  детерминанты посещаемости</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tretyakov Gallery: Determinants of Attendance</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ушкарев</surname><given-names>Александр Анатольевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ushkarev</surname><given-names>Alexander A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат искусствоведения, доцент, старший научный сотрудник  отдела общей теории искусства и культурной политики,  сектор экономики искусства.</p><p>козицкий пер., д. 5, Москва, 125009.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5, Kozitsky Lane, Moscow, 125009.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">al_ush@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственный институт искусствознания.</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Institute for Art Studies.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>11</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>558</fpage><lpage>568</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ушкарев А.А., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ушкарев А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ushkarev A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru"><license-p>© 2026 ФГБУ "Российская государственная библиотека". Все права защищены. Воспроизведение без письменного разрешения запрещено.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en"><license-p>© 2026 Russian State Library. All rights reserved. Reproduction without written permission is prohibited.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://observatoria.rsl.ru/jour/article/view/542">https://observatoria.rsl.ru/jour/article/view/542</self-uri><abstract><p>В течение последних десятилетий множество исследований посетителей музеев как за рубежом, так и в нашей стране было проведено для того, чтобы лучше понять, кто посещает музеи. Они позволили воссоздать коллективный социально-культурный портрет публики, но, по сути, не приблизили к пониманию того, кто и почему ходит в музеи. Сохраняется и главная проблема — существование коммуникационных барьеров между музеем и публикой. Обеспечение конкурентоспособности художественного музея как субъекта индустрии досуга и повышение его социальной роли как культурного института требует сегодня немалых усилий по изучению аудитории, конечная цель которых состоит в увеличении посещаемости. В статье на материалах конкретносоциологического исследования аудитории посетителей Государственной Третьяковской галереи показано, как применение новых исследовательских подходов, основанных на эконометрических методах анализа социологических данных, может приблизить исследователя к пониманию некоторых актуальных тенденций потребительского поведения и факторов посещаемости художественного музея. Исследование показало, что важнейшими детерминантами культурного потребления становятся сущностные характеристики аудитории, связанные с измерениями культурного капитала, а также мотивации и индивидуальные предпочтения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the past few decades, visitors of various museums, both abroad and in our country, have been studied a lot, in order to better understand who comes to museums. Those studies allowed us to recreate the collective social and cultural portrait of the public, but, in fact, did not bring us closer to an understanding of who goes to museums and why. The main problem is also the existence of communication barriers between the museum and the public. Ensuring the competitiveness of art museum as a subject of leisure industry and enhancing its social role as a cultural institution requires today considerable efforts in audience investigation, with the ultimate goal of increased attendance. The article, on the materials of a concrete sociological study of the audience of visitors of the State Tretyakov gallery, shows how the application of new research approaches, based on econometric methods of analyzing sociological data, can bring the researcher closer to an understanding of some current trends in consumer behavior and attendance factors of an art museum. The study demonstrates that the most important determinants of cultural consumption are the essential characteristics of the audience, associated with the measurement of cultural capital, and the motivations and individual preferences.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>культура</kwd><kwd>искусство</kwd><kwd>аудитория музея</kwd><kwd>посещаемость музея</kwd><kwd>культурное потребление</kwd><kwd>мотивы</kwd><kwd>предпочтения</kwd><kwd>эконометрические методы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>culture</kwd><kwd>art</kwd><kwd>museum audience</kwd><kwd>museum attendance</kwd><kwd>cultural consumption</kwd><kwd>motives</kwd><kwd>preferences</kwd><kwd>econometric methods</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lynch B. Through the Looking Glass: Changing Social Relations in the Museum // Janes R.R. Museums and the Paradox of Change. 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