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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">observatoria</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Обсерватория культуры</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Observatory of Culture</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-3156</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2588-0047</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian State Library</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25281/2072-3156-2018-15-4-444-459</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">observatoria-654</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>В ПРОСТРАНСТВЕ ИСКУССТВА И КУЛЬТУРНОЙ ЖИЗНИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>IN SPACE OF ART AND CULTURAL LIFE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Аудитория художественного музея: аргументы потребительского выбора</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Art Museum Audience: The Arguments of Consumer Choice</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ушкарев</surname><given-names>Александр Анатольевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ushkarev</surname><given-names>Aleksandr A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Старший научный сотрудник Отдела общей теории искусства и культурной политикиКозицкий пер., д. 5, Москва, 125009, Россия</p><p>кандидат искусствоведения, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5, Kozitsky Lane, Moscow, 125009, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">al_ush@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственный институт искусствознания</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Institute for Art Studies</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>10</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>444</fpage><lpage>459</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ушкарев А.А., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ушкарев А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ushkarev A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru"><license-p>© 2026 ФГБУ "Российская государственная библиотека". Все права защищены. Воспроизведение без письменного разрешения запрещено.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en"><license-p>© 2026 Russian State Library. All rights reserved. Reproduction without written permission is prohibited.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://observatoria.rsl.ru/jour/article/view/654">https://observatoria.rsl.ru/jour/article/view/654</self-uri><abstract><p>Диверсификация художественного предложения и растущая конкуренция на рынке культурных услуг ведут к тому, что качество художественного продукта (спектакля, концерта, выставочной экспозиции) воспринимается как все более относительное и теряет свое прежнее значение решающего аргумента потребительского выбора. Чем руководствуется человек в своем общении с искусством? Что является детерминантами его потребительского поведения и есть ли в нем закономерности? От того, будут ли найдены ответы на эти и другие вопросы, зависит возможность преодоления коммуникационных барьеров и налаживания конструктивного диалога между культурными институциями и их потенциальной аудиторией. В статье рассматривается культурологический аспект этого взаимодействия — роль мотиваций и индивидуальных предпочтений в потреблении искусства, их влияние на культурную активность человека.</p><p>Материалом для статьи послужили результаты масштабного социологического исследования посетителей Государственной Третьяковской галереи, проведенного научным коллективом Государственного института искусствознания. Аудитория музея изучалась не только по традиционно описываемым социологами искусства объективным параметрам, но и по ряду трудноизмеримых содержательных признаков, далеко выходящих за пределы социально-демографических описаний. Исследование позволило приблизиться к пониманию некоторых общих закономерностей потребительского поведения в искусстве, определить характер влияния на культурный выбор потребительских мотиваций и индивидуальных предпочтений. Доказано существование статистически значимой связи этих субъективных поведенческих детерминант с мерой культурного капитала личности. Использование методов математической статистики и эконометрики расширяет традиционные возможности социологии искусства и обеспечивает качественно новый уровень достоверности результатов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Diversification of artistic supply and growing competition in the market of cultural services lead to the fact that the quality of artistic product (performance, concert, exhibition) is perceived as increasingly relative and loses its former importance as a decisive argument of consumer choice. What guides people in their communication with art? What are the determinants of their consumer behavior and are there any patterns in it? The chance of overcoming communication barriers and establishing a constructive dialogue between cultural institutions and their potential audience depends on whether the answers to these and other questions will be found. The article deals with the cultural aspect of this interaction — the role of motivation and individual preferences in art consumption, their influence on people’s cultural activity. The article is based on the results of a large-scale sociological study of visitors to the State Tretyakov Gallery, conducted by a research group from the State Institute of Art Studies. The museum’s audience was studied not only by the objective parameters traditionally described by art sociologists, but also by a number of difficult-to-measure content features that go far beyond socio-demographic descriptions. The study allows us to get closer to understanding some general patterns of consumer behavior in art, to determine the nature of consumer motivations and individual preferences’ influence on cultural choice. The article proves the existence of a statistically significant connection between these subjective behavioral determinants and the measure of personal cultural capital. The use of methods of mathematical statistics and econometrics expands the traditional potential of sociology of art and provides a qualitatively new level of reliability of results.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аудитория искусства</kwd><kwd>посетители художественного музея</kwd><kwd>культурное потребление</kwd><kwd>потребительское поведение</kwd><kwd>мотивы</kwd><kwd>предпочтения</kwd><kwd>культурный капитал</kwd><kwd>социология искусства</kwd><kwd>эконометрический анализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>art audience</kwd><kwd>art museum visitors</kwd><kwd>cultural consumption</kwd><kwd>consumer behavior</kwd><kwd>motives</kwd><kwd>preferences</kwd><kwd>cultural capital</kwd><kwd>sociology of art</kwd><kwd>econometric analysis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ушкарев А.А. 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