Literary Circle of Yunkers of the Nikolaev Engineering School (1906–1912)

Due to the lack of studies on the history of the literary circle of the Nikolaev Engineering School, this article is the first to examine its creation and functioning. The aim is to analyze the main forms of activity of the literary circle of this military-educational institution. In order to achieve this goal, data from the annual reports of the Nikolaev Engineering Academy and the school for the academic years 1906—1912 and other pre-revolutionary printed sources were collected. The results obtained show that a positive role in the organisational, library, publishing and methodological assistance to the circle was played by the command of the academy and the school, teaching, administrative and drill staff (N.A. Kryukov, F.I. Zubarev, V.V. Yakovlev, N.N. Polilov, V.F. Naidenov, etc.). This study has expanded the idea of the pedagogical activity of the famous Russian literary scholar, bibliographer, pedagogue F.A. Vitberg, who created the Literary Circle for the Junkers of the Nikolaev Engineering School, revealing for the first time this new page of its life, about the musical creativity of C.A. Cui, who wrote music on the poems of the cadets and successfully combined the composition of musical works with the teaching of military engineering. The names of the pupils of the school who took an active part in its fruitful activity during the mentioned period are established. The beginning of the literary activity of cadet B.V. Zhirkovich, who later connected his fate with literature and became famous as a satirical writer under the pseudonym I.K. Prutkov, is outlined. A brief characteristic of some works published in the “Collection of Literary Circle” No. 1 (St. Petersburg, 1907) and No. 2 (St. Petersburg, 1909) is given. The contents of both issues are presented.

1. Instruktsiya, opredelyayushchaya pravila voennogo vospitaniya i ustroistva vnutrennego poryadka v voennykh uchilishchakh [Guideline Specifying the Rules of Military Education and Internal Order in Military Schools]. St. Petersburg, Tip. M.M. Stasyulevicha Publ., 1900, 61 p.

2. Dogadin V.M. At Nicolas Engineer School, Voenno-istoricheskii zhurnal [Journal of Military History], 2005, no. 10, pp. 69—72 (in Russ.).

3. K 40-letnemu yubileyu pedagogicheskoi i literaturnoi deyatel’nosti Fedora Aleksandrovicha Vitberga. 1869 — 1-e sentyabrya — 1909: kratkaya biografiya i spisok literaturno-pedagogicheskikh statei i zametok [To the 40th Anniversary of the Pedagogical and Literary Activity of Fyodor Alexandrovich Witberg. 1869 — September 1 — 1909: a Brief Biography and a List of Literary and Pedagogical Articles and Notes]. St. Petersburg, Izdanie N.G. Martynova, 1909, 15 p.

4. Nikolaevskaya inzhenernaya akademiya i uchilishche: Lichnyi sostav, raspredelenie uchebnykh i drugikh zanyatii i proch. svedeniya. S 1-go oktyabrya 1906 goda po 1-e oktyabrya 1907 goda [Nikolaev Engineering Academy and School: Personnel, Classes and Training Activities Timetable, and Other Information. From October 1, 1906 to October 1, 1907]. St. Petersburg, Tip. T-va “Obshchestvennaya Pol’za” Publ., 1908, 185, XLVII p.

5. Nikolaevskaya inzhenernaya akademiya i uchilishche: Lichnyi sostav, raspredelenie uchebnykh i drugikh zanyatii i proch. svedeniya. S 1-go oktyabrya 1907 goda po 1-e oktyabrya 1908 goda [Nikolaev Engineering Academy and School: Personnel, Classes and Training Activities Timetable, and Other Information. From October 1, 1907 to October 1, 1908]. St. Petersburg, Tip. T-va “Obshchestvennaya Pol’za” Publ., 1909, 185, XLVII p.

6. Nikolaevskaya inzhenernaya akademiya i uchilishche: Lichnyi sostav, raspredelenie uchebnykh i drugikh zanyatii i proch. svedeniya. S 1-go oktyabrya 1908 goda po 1-e oktyabrya 1909 goda [Nikolaev Engineering Academy and School: Personnel, Classes and Training Activities Timetable, and Other Information. From October 1, 1908 to October 1, 1909]. St. Petersburg, Tip. T-va “Obshchestvennaya Pol’za” Publ., 1910, 196, XXXII p.

7. Nikolaevskaya inzhenernaya akademiya i uchilishche: Lichnyi sostav, raspredelenie uchebnykh i drugikh zanyatii i proch. svedeniya. S 1-go oktyabrya 1909 goda po 1-e oktyabrya 1910 goda [Nikolaev Engineering Academy and School: Personnel, Classes and Training Activities Timetable, and Other Information. From October 1, 1909 to October 1, 1910]. St. Petersburg, Tip. T-va “Obshchestvennaya Pol’za” Publ., 1911, 214, XXXV p.

8. Nikolaevskaya inzhenernaya akademiya i uchilishche: Lichnyi sostav, raspredelenie uchebnykh i drugikh zanyatii i proch. svedeniya. S 1-go oktyabrya 1910 goda po 1-e oktyabrya 1911 goda [Nikolaev Engineering Academy and School: Personnel, Classes and Training Activities Timetable, and Other Information. From October 1, 1910 to October 1, 1911]. St. Petersburg, Tip. T-va “Obshchestvennaya Pol’za” Publ., 1912, 219, XXXV p.

9. Nikolaevskaya inzhenernaya akademiya i uchilishche: Lichnyi sostav, raspredelenie uchebnykh i drugikh zanyatii i proch. svedeniya. S 1-go oktyabrya 1911 goda po 1-e oktyabrya 1912 goda [Nikolaev Engineering Academy and School: Personnel, Classes and Training Activities Timetable, and Other Information. From October 1, 1911 to October 1, 1912]. St. Petersburg, Tip. T-va “Obshchestvennaya Pol’za” Publ., 1913, 210, XXXV p.

10. Naidenov V.F., Kalinin V.A. (eds.) Sistematicheskii katalog biblioteki Nikolaevskoi inzhenernoi akademii i uchilishcha. Ch. 1. Voennye nauki i iskusstva [Systematic Catalogue of the Nikolaev Engineering Academy Library. Part 1. Military Sciences and Arts]. St. Petersburg, Tip. “T-va Khudozhestvennoi Pechati” Publ., 1903, 321 p.

11. Naidenov V.F., Kalinin V.A. (eds.) Sistematicheskii katalog biblioteki Nikolaevskoi inzhenernoi akademii i uchilishcha. Ch. 2. Arkhitektura i stroitel’no-inzhenernoe iskusstvo. Matematika i mekhanika [Systematic Catalogue of the Library of the Nikolaev Engineering Academy and School. Part 2. Architecture, and Construction and Engineering Art. Mathematics and Mechanics]. St. Petersburg, Tip. “T-va Khudozhestvennoi Pechati” Publ., 1904, II, 555 p.

12. Naidenov V.F., Kalinin V.A. (eds.) Sistematicheskii katalog biblioteki Nikolaevskoi inzhenernoi akademii i uchilishcha. Ch. 3. Fizika, khimiya, tekhnologiya, istoriya, geografiya, slovesnost’. Zhurnaly [Systematic Catalogue of the Library of the Nikolaev Engineering Academy and School. Part 3. Physics, Chemistry, Technology, History, Geography, Literature. Journals]. St. Petersburg, Tip. “T-va Khudozhestvennoi Pechati” Publ., 1904, 344 p.

13. Kalinin V.A. (ed.) Sistematicheskii katalog biblioteki Nikolaevskoi inzhenernoi akademii i uchilishcha. Dopolnenie 1-e [Systematic Catalogue of the Library of the Nikolaev Engineering Academy and School. The 1st Addition]. St. Petersburg, Tip. “T-va Khudozhestvennoi Pechati” Publ., 1904, 62 p.

14. 2-e Dopolnenie k katalogu biblioteki Nikolaevskoi inzhenernoi akademii i uchilishcha. S 1904-go goda po 1-e yanvarya 1908 goda [The 2nd Addition to the Catalogue of the Library of the Nikolaev Engineering Academy and School. From 1904 to January 1, 1908]. St. Petersburg, Tipo-Litografiya A.F. Markova Publ., 1908, 4, 132 p.

15. 3-e Dopolnenie k katalogu biblioteki Nikolaevskoi inzhenernoi akademii i uchilishcha. Po 1-e maya 1911 goda [The 3rd Addition to the Catalogue of the Library of the Nikolaev Engineering Academy and School. Until May 1, 1911]. St. Petersburg, Tipo-Litografiya A.F. Markova Publ., 1911, 147, 34 p.

16. Vasily Fedorovich Naidenov, Voennaya ehntsiklopediya [Military Encyclopedia]. St. Petersburg, T-vo I.D. Sytina Publ., 1914, vol. XVI, pp. 519—520 (in Russ.).

17. V.F. Naidenov, 120 let Voenno-inzhenernoi akademii. 1819—1939. Vestnik Voenno-inzhenernoi akademii RKKA im. V.V. Kuibysheva. Yubileinyi sbornik [120 Years of the Military Engineering Academy. 1819—1939. Bulletin of the V.V. Kuibyshev Military Engineering Academy of the Red Army. Anniversary Collection]. Moscow, Izdanie Voenno-Inzhenernoi Akademii RKKA im. V.V. Kuibysheva, 1939, pp. 213—214 (in Russ.).

18. Panchenko A.M. The Millitary Engineer V.F. Naidenov as the Librarian, the Bibliographer, the Scientists, Bibliografiya i knigovedenie [Bibliography and Bibliology], 2016, no. 6, pp. 69—79 (in Russ.).

19. Nikolaevskaya inzhenernaya akademiya i uchilishche: Lichnyi sostav, raspredelenie uchebnykh i drugikh zanyatii i proch. svedeniya. S 24-go noyabrya 1912 goda po 24-e noyabrya 1913 goda [Nikolaev Engineering Academy and School: Personnel, Classes and Training Activities Timetable, and Other Information. From November 24, 1912 to November 24, 1913]. St. Petersburg, Tip. T-va “Obshchestvennaya Pol’za” Publ., 1914, 218, XXXIII p.

20. Nikolaevskaya inzhenernaya akademiya i uchilishche: Lichnyi sostav, raspredelenie uchebnykh i drugikh zanyatii i proch. svedeniya. S 24-go noyabrya 1913 goda po 24-e noyabrya 1914 goda [Nikolaev Engineering Academy and School: Personnel, Classes and Training Activities Timetable, and Other Information. From November 24, 1913 to November 24, 1914]. Petrograd, Tip. T-va “Obshchestvennaya Pol’za” Publ., 1914, 177, XIV p.

21. Nikolaevskaya inzhenernaya akademiya i uchilishche: Lichnyi sostav, raspredelenie uchebnykh i drugikh zanyatii i proch. svedeniya. S 24-go noyabrya 1914 goda po 24-e noyabrya 1915 goda [Nikolaev Engineering Academy and School: Personnel, Classes and Training Activities Timetable, and Other Information. From November 24, 1914 to November 24, 1915]. Petrograd, Tip. T-va “Obshchestvennaya Pol’za” Publ., 1916, 170, XIV p.

22. Sbornik literaturnogo kruzhka Nikolaevskogo inzhenernogo uchilishcha. No. 1 [Collection of the Nikolaev Engineering School Literary Circle. No. 1]. St. Petersburg, T-vo Khudozhestvennoi Pechati Publ., 1907, 102 p.

23. Prutkov I.K. Neposlushnyi zaichonok: basnya dlya detei [The Naughty Bunny: a fable for children]. Leningrad, Sotrudnik Prosveshcheniya Publ., 1924, 8 p.

24. Prutkov I.K. Priklyucheniya Evlampiya Karpycha Nad’kina [The Adventures of Evlampy Karpych Nadkin]. Moscow, Izd-vo Gazety “GudoK”, 1924, 8 p.

25. Prutkov I.K. Vzglyad v koren’: rasskazy [A Look at the Root: stories]. Leningrad, Izd-vo “Krasnaya Gazeta”, 1926, 40 p.

26. Prutkov I.K. Veselaya putanitsa: rasskazy [Funny Mess: stories]. Leningrad, Izd-vo “Krasnaya Gazeta”, 1927, 48 p.

27. Prutkov I.K. Dlya potomstva: rasskazy [For Posterity: stories]. Leningrad, Izd-vo “Krasnaya Gazeta”, 1928, 40 p.

28. Prutkov I.K. Vsyakoe takoe: rasskazy [The Stuff Like That: stories]. Moscow, Leningrad, Zemlya i Fabrika Publ., 1926, 32 p.

29. Prutkov I.K. I tomu podobnoe: rasskazy [And Something Like That: stories]. Moscow, Leningrad, Zemlya i Fabrika, Tip. Izd. “Leningradskaya Pravda” Publ., 1927, 32 p.

30. Prutkov I.K. Inoe prochee: rasskazy [Other Stuff: stories]. Moscow, Leningrad, Zemlya i Fabrika Publ., Gos. Tip. v Arende M. Volkovicha v Leningrade Publ., 1927, 32 p.

31. Prutkov I.K. Sovershenno ser’eznoe: rasskazy [Completely Serious: stories]. Moscow, Leningrad, Zemlya i Fabrika Publ., 1926, 29 p.

32. Prutkov I.K. Rasskazy [Stories]. Moscow, Leningrad, Gudok Publ., 1926, 63 p.

33. Prutkov I.K. Solnechnoe zatmenie: rasskazy [Sun Eclipse: stories]. Moscow, Gudok Publ., 1928, 48 p.

34. Sbornik literaturnogo kruzhka Nikolaevskogo inzhenernogo uchilishcha. No. 2 [Collection of the Nikolayev Engineering School Literary Circle. No. 2]. St. Petersburg, T-vo Khudozhestvennoi Pechati Publ., 1909, 185, 8 p.

35. N.N. Polilov, Istoricheskii vestnik [Historical Journal], 1907, Oktyabr’, pp. 363—364 (in Russ.).

36. Nietzsche F. The Birth of Tragedy: (Metaphysics of Art). St. Petersburg, Tip. Imperatorskoi Akademii Nauk Publ., 1899, VI, 223 p. (in Russ.).

37. Nietzsche F. The Antichrist. St. Petersburg, Prometei Publ., 1907, 155 p. (in Russ.).

38. Nietzsche F. Beyond Good and Evil: Prelude to a Philosophy of the Future. St. Petersburg, D.E. Zhukovskii Publ., 1905, 387 p. (in Russ.).

39. Nietzsche F. Twilight of the Idols, or, How to Philosophize with a Hammer. St. Petersburg, Tip. A.S. Suvorina Publ., 1907, 145 p. (in Russ.).

40. Nietzsche F. Nitche o Vagnere. I. Vagner kak yavlenie. II. Nitche contra Vagner [Nietzsche about Wagner. 1. Wagner as Phenomenon. 2. Nietzsche Contra Wagner]. St. Petersburg, Tip. A.S. Suvorina Publ., 1907, LXXXIV, 100 p.

41. Polilov N.N. (ed.) Sila i materiya. Ocherk estestvennogo miroporyadka vmeste s osnovannoi na nem moral’yu, ili ucheniem o nravstvennosti. V obshchedostupnom izlozhenii prof. d-ra Lyudviga Byukhnera: 2-e izd. [Force and Matter: or, Principles of the Natural Order of the Universe. With a System of Morality Based Thereon. A Popular Exposition by Prof. Ludwig Buchner: the 2nd edition]. St. Petersburg, A.I. Vasil’ev Publ., 1907, XVI, 291 p.

42. Fischer K. Leibnits, ego zhizn’, sochineniya i uchenie [Leibniz’s Life, Writings and Doctrine]. St. Petersburg, D.E. Zhukovskii Publ., 1905, XVI, 739 p.

43. Fischer K. Dekart, ego zhizn’, sochineniya i uchenie [Descartes’s Life, Writings and Doctrine]. St. Petersburg, D.E. Zhukovskii Publ., 1906, XII, 460 p.

44. Fischer K. Immanuil Kant i ego uchenie. Ch. 1. Vozniknovenie i osnovanie kriticheskoi filosofii [Immanuel Kant and His School. Part 1. The Beginning and Foundation of Critical Philosophy]. St. Petersburg, D.E. Zhukovskii Publ., 1901, XX, 632 p.

45. Fischer K. Fikhte, ego zhizn’, sochineniya i uchenie [Fichte’s Life, Writings and Doctrine]. St. Petersburg, D.E. Zhukovskii Publ., 1909, XVI, 735 p.

46. Yunkeram Nikolaevskogo inzhenernogo uchilishcha: Ot starshikh tovarishchei [To Junkers of the Nikolaev Engineering School: From Senior Comrades]. St. Petersburg, T-vo Khudozhestvennoi Pechati Publ., 1907, 86 p.

47. Yunkeram Nikolaevskogo inzhenernogo uchilishcha ot starshikh tovarishchei: Istoricheskii ocherk vozniknoveniya i razvitiya Nikolaevskogo inzhenernogo uchilishcha [To Junkers of the Nikolaev Engineering School from Senior Comrades: Historical Essay on the Beginning and Development of the Nikolaev Engineering School]. St. Petersburg, T-vo Khudozhestvennoi Pechati Publ., 1914, 90 p.

48. Yunkeram Nikolaevskogo inzhenernogo uchilishcha ot starshikh tovarishchei [To Junkers of the Nikolaev Engineering School from Senior Comrades]. Petrograd, T-vo Khudozhestvennoi Pechati Publ., 1916, 101 p.