Modernization of the Modelof Culture Morphology

The article is devoted to the analytical consi-deration of the models of culture morphology/structure, which have got the widest spread in the Russian science. It should be noted that the cultural reality itself does not have a stable structure - the configuration of its components is constantly changing, depending on the situation. Therefore, the scientists create conditional models of its structure to facilitate the analysis of the phenomenon of culture. Those models are especially useful in the educational process; they allow to realize more systematically the essence of culture, its functions, and the scope of its dissemination in the social reality. The article gives a detailed review of the two most influential in our science models: the one of E.A. Orlova (which structures the culture according to the main directions of human activity) and the one of A.V. Kostina (which structures the culture according to the social groups of its bearers and the features of their psychology). Over many years of close companionship with both E.A. Orlova and A.V. Kostina, the author has often initiated modernization of their models, gradually shifting their bases to his own model of structuring the culture according to the main fields of human social activity (which is wider than the activity directions and the social groups of the actors). This article attempts to superimpose these models and completely switch them to the basis of the main fields of human social activity. This allows to build a new understanding of the phenomenon of culture as a collective program of people’s life and to visualize the scale of cultural dissemination and its influence on the human social practice, which will largely contribute to the success of the special cultural education and the assimilation of the key cultural parameters by the students.

culture, morphology, everyday and specialized cultures, culture-tradition, culture-ideology, culture-reference, functional segments of culture

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