THE RELIGIOUS FACTOR INFLUENCING ON CHARITY AND PHILANTHROPY IN THE VLADIMIR, KOSTROMA AND YAROSLAVL PROVINCES(The Second Half of the 19th — Beginning of the 20th Century)

The author examines the features of influence of the religious factor on the development of private philanthropy and patronage of art in the second half of the 19th — early 20th century by the example of the Vladimir, Kostroma and Yaroslavl Provin­ces. Gui­ded by the Orthodox ethical principles and va­lues system, entrepreneurs, often coming from the Old Believer environment, paid special attention to phi­lanthropic activities. They provided substantial funds for social protection of the workers of their enterpri­ses and the po­pulation of the provinces: construction and maintenance of hospitals, kindergartens and orphana­ges, homes for the elderly, schools and colleges, libra­ries, almshou­ses. The history of the Vladimir, Kostroma and Yaroslavl Provinces includes the activities of the following philanthropists: the brothers P.M. Tretyakov and S.M. Tretyakov, the Morozovs, Gorbunovs, Maltsovs (Yu.S. Nechaev-Maltsov), Zotovs, Vakhrameevs, Karzinkins, and others. The article considers the charitable activities of the Old Believer of the Kostroma Province G.K. Gorbunov. His charitable work was connected with the improvement of Sudislavl (he financed the construction of the water supply system, asylum for the mentally ill people, city magistrate buildings and the reconstruction of the Transfiguration Cathedral of Sudislavl). The Maltsov dynasty was among the most prominent philanthropists of the Vladimir Pro­vince. In the Yaroslavl Province, almshouses and hostels were the most common type of charitable institutions, such as the almshouse of the Pastukhovs, the almshouse of A.I. Vakhrameev, the almshouse of M.M. Vakhrameeva, the Nicholas Orphanage for children of both sexes (Uglich, Yaroslavl Province), the Educational Orphanage (opened at the expense of the widow A.G. Baskakova and the merchant N.I. Tyumenev).

1. Yuzhakov S.N. (ed.) Bol’shaya entsiklopediya: slovar’ ob¬shchedostupnykh svedenii po vsem otraslyam znaniya [Large Encyclopedia: The Dictionary of Publicly Available Information on All Branches of Knowledge]. St. Petersburg, 1904, vol. 16, pp. 456—457.

2. Berdova O.V. Iz opyta chastnogo blagotvoreniya v Kostromskoi gubernii [From the Experience of Private Charity Work in the Kostroma Province]. Available at: http://sereda-upino.narod.ru/doc/Bedrova.pdf (accessed 15.11.2016).

3. Shakhnazarov O.L. The Attitude to Property among the Old Believers (Before 1917), Voprosy istorii[Questions of History], 2004, no. 4, pp. 53—70 (in Russ.).

4. Egorova L.A. Blagotvoritel’nost’ v rossiiskoi provintsii: Kostromskaya guberniya, vtoraya polovina XIX — nachalo XX v. [The Charity in Russian Province: The Kostroma Province, The Second Half of the 19th — Beginning of the 20th Century], Cand. hist. sci. diss.: 07.00.02. Moscow, 2002, 200 p.

5. Berdova O.V. Kul’turnaya zhizn’ Kostromskoi gubernii v zerkale periodicheskoi pechati kontsa XIX — nachala XX veka [The Cultural Life of the Kostroma Province in the Mirror of the Periodical Press of the Late 19th — Early 20th Century]. Kostroma, Kostromskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta (KGU) Publ., 2002, 358 p.

6. Otchet Vladimirskoi gubernskoi zemskoi upravy o do¬khodakh po soderzhaniyu blagotvoritel’nykh zavedenii za 1895 god [The Report of the Vladimir Province Municipal Council on the Income for the Maintenance of Cha¬ritable Institutions in 1895]. Vladimir, 1896, 14 p.

7. Andreevsky I.E. (ed.) Entsiklopedicheskii slovar’ [Encyclopaedical Dictionary]. St. Petersburg, F.A. Brokgauz, I.A. Efron Publ., 1890—1907, vol. 28 (55): Rossiya i S — Savarna, 1899, pp. 421—422.

8. Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Vladimirskoi oblasti (GAVO) [State Archives of the Vladimir Region], coll. 14, aids 4, fol. 2332.

9. Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Vladimirskoi oblasti (GAVO) [State Archives of the Vladimir Region], coll. 14, aids 1, fol. 230.

10. Rossiiskii gosudarstvennyi istoricheskii arkhiv (RGIA) [Russian State Historical Archive], coll. 1005, aids 2, fol. 268.

11. Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Vladimirskoi oblasti (GAVO) [State Archives of the Vladimir Region], coll. 40, aids 1, vol. 13, fol. 17843.

12. Smirnova Yu.B. Blagotvoritel’naya deyatel’nost’ Yaroslavskoi burzhuazii [Charitable Activities of the Yaroslavl Bourgeoisie]. Available at: http://www.yaroslavskiy-kray.com/126/istoriya.html (accessed 15.11.2016).

13. Lykoshin P.I. (ed.) Blagotvoritel’naya Rossiya: istoriya go¬sudarstvennoi, obshchestvennoi i chastnoi blagotvoritel’nosti v Rossii [The Charitable Russia: The History of State, Public and Private Philanthropy in Russia]. St. Petersburg, Svetleishei Knyagini O.O. Imeretinskoi i P.I. Lykoshina Publ., 1901, vol. 1, part 2, 264 p.

14. Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Yaroslavskoi oblasti (GAYaO) [State Archive of the Yaroslavl Region], coll. 549, aids 1, fol. 1474.

15. Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Yaroslavskoi oblasti (GAYaO) [State Archive of the Yaroslavl Region], coll. 549, aids 1, fol. 1613.

16. Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Yaroslavskoi oblasti (GAYaO) [State Archive of the Yaroslavl Region], coll. 549, aids 1, fol. 1683.