Inclusion Policy and Ethnic Identity in the Context of Openness to the Other

When implementing the policy of inclusion and/or integration, there is a number of contradictions related to “self” (“I”) and “the other”, which are the key aspect of this policy. The article shows that when you try to integrate the social “other” in the framework of the poli cy of inclusion, i.e. with preservation of the features of “the other”, these conflicts naturally arise, because the defini tion of any identity (including the collective “I”) is inse parable from the differentiation from others, which was de scribed by Hegel. Therefore, it is not without reason that the most productive approach to the interpretation of eth nic identity as defining of the own collective “I” is the con struction and reproduction of boundaries with “the others” (F. Barth). In addition, I. Neumann’s discussion on the use of constructing “the other” in the international relations shows that not only the national “I” is constituted by dis tinguishing from others, but also “the other” is constitu ted with respect to the identity of “I”. In this regard, the ar ticle attempts to substantiate the thesis that the universal aspect of the mutual constitution of “I” and “the other”, as individuals (including ethnic identity), is the definition of human existence as a boundary, or openness to “the oth er”. Moreover, the locality of implementation of the uni versal aspect of this mutual constitution gives rise to both the contradictions in relations of “I” and “the other” as an individual, and the incompatible approaches to determin ing the nature of “I” and “the other” (e. g., the construc tivism and primordialism in ethnic studies or the construc tionism and essentialism in studies of disability).

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