“To Recognize and Read Something as a Document...”: (The Transfer of Things in Research Reflections by G.L. Dain)

This article examines the cultural aspects of museum documentation as a process of identifying items to be preserved and actualized as historical documents. In the system of concepts of museum technology, it is designated as a selection process, from the point of view of museum philosophy — as implementation of the specific/museum’s attitude to reality. In the categories of cultural studies, the documentation can be considered as a subject-contextual transfer of things. This case’s formation can be now traced in the articles by J. Dolák, A.N. Balash, A.A. Nikonova, E.V. Abroskina.

Basing on the analysis of published materials of the art historian G.L. Dain’s expedition diaries, the article considers the path of a thing to a museum. In addition to institutional factors, the range of her research setting includes the scientific credo of a scientist with a pronounced cultural discourse. This is “the study of toys in living connections with folk life and art, as part of the entire complex of children’s culture”, the knowledge of “the spiritual side of the mechanism of succession in folk culture”. On its basis, a corpus of individual field work methods is formed, relevant to the logic of the modern interpretive turn in the cultural sciences. Their initial message is the perception of a thing as a textual model of national culture, the setting on its multi-layer readability based on the idea of culture as a text. The article considers the subject-contextual transfer of things on the examples of acquiring the items of Bashkir, Chukchi, Eskimo and Buryat traditional cultures for museum collections. Special attention is paid to recreating things from memory by the bearers of the tradition. As a result, a conclusion is made about the five-component structure of the museum documentation process, which includes: cultural metareality — thing — document — object of museum value — museum object. The logic of transformations of things is concretized by the scheme of systematic cultural analysis: document — text — context — discourse — interpretation.

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